Applied Science and Biotechnology Journal for Advanced Research

Enhancement of Proline and Hydroxyproline Metabolism and Heavy Metals Toxicity in Plant Life: A Study

Mohd. Iqbal, Mohd. Tariq — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

A significant amount of heavy metals have been added to the soil and water as a result of more anthropogenic and natural activity. Both humans and plants are much disturbed by these. As a result, there is a growing interest in the scientific study of the toxicity of heavy metals in plants. In this way, osmolytes, such as proline, are organic substances that typically control the sustenance and growth of plants that are commonly grown in the areas. Therefore, increasing the activity of various enzymes and metabolic pathways by adding proline or/by introducing gene(s) is a very effective strategy to deal with the toxicity of heavy metals. The specific function of proline in protecting against the toxicity of heavy metals has been briefly reviewed in this review.

The Bacterial Effect on Xylem Blockage in Rose during Postharvest Life

Sreenivas B. — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

One of the most popular cut flowers in the world is the rose. An obstacle is that cut roses have a naturally short vase life. One of the main causes of shortened vase life is microbial contamination. This study assessed the effects of nanoparticle vase holding solutions on Taj Mahal rose variety water relations and microbial load. The Postharvest Technology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Bengaluru, is where the current study was conducted. Water absorption, transpiration loss, water balance, and microbiological load were all measured during the vase time. The greatest options for preserving water relationships and preventing bacterial growth were nanosilver treatments. The best benefits were seen in flowers that were kept in 50 ppm nanosilver. This study reveals the fact that, in the present context, silver nanoparticles are one of the best available technologies in delaying the postharvest associated degradation in rose cut flowers.

Farm Technology and Socio Economic Causes for Rural to Urban Migration in India

Anand Kumar Meena — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The act of accepting a village for some goal, such as development as in this situation, is known as "village adoption." At several levels in our nation, there are numerous village adoption initiatives being carried out. However, simply adopting them won't be enough to build more than 6 lakh communities in India. Therefore, we must improve village adoption programmes in order to implement a model village approach, as village adoption must be seen as a key step in achieving this. The Model Village and Village Adoption Programmes are sometimes confused with one another, albeit they are not. This study makes an effort to evaluate these two strategies and offers special examples that illustrate the extent and potential of the Model village idea. With this innovative strategy, our nation's progress is anticipated to accelerate.

Performance and Effect of Hybrid Rose Growth under Cultivars Plant Density

S. Patil, Vadrali B. M. — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

To ascertain the impact of cultivar, planting geometry, and their interaction on rose production and quality, a study was carried out in an open environment. The experiment was set up using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in a 3 x 3 factorial configuration. The three cultivars ('Sophia', 'Gladiator', and 'Divine') and three different planting densities (S1 (0.90 x 0.90 m), S2 (0.60 0.60 m) double row, and S3 (0.60 0.60 m) triple row) made up the treatments. Parameters relating to the growth, yield, and quality of Rose were the subject of data collection. According to the study's findings, flower yield increased when plant density went from S1 (0.90 x 0.90 m) to S3 (0.60 x 0.60 m) triple row. On the other hand, intensive planting dramatically reduced the flower's weight and shelf life. The cultivars "Sophia," "Gladiator," and "Divine" were found to be the most productive in terms of flower yield. The 'Sophia' and 'Gladiator' cultivars performed better than the 'Divine' cultivar in several of the characteristics. Commercial producers can employ the planting densities that showed the greatest and greatest beneficial effects on the yield and quality metrics, respectively. Further research is necessary, however, on matters relating to the estimation of nutrient supply for controlling the product's fresh weight as well as other economic-related subjects.

Dilemma to Dominance: Decoding the Evolution of the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry - A Case Study

Anushree Bose, Dr. Rajesh K. Pandey — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The Indian pharmaceutical industry has undergone a significant evolution, transitioning from a domestically-focused sector to a global powerhouse. Initially, Indian pharmaceutical companies primarily catered to domestic healthcare needs. However, with the implementation of economic reforms in the 1990s, the industry witnessed rapid growth and expanded into international markets. The Indian pharmaceutical industry has experienced a remarkable transformation, establishing itself as a global leader in the production and export of generic drugs. The industry has demonstrated superior growth performance, making it one of the fastest-growing sectors worldwide. Productivity levels and innovation play a significant role in determining competitiveness, and the Indian pharmaceutical industry has shown impressive capabilities in these areas. Government policies have been instrumental in driving the industry's self-sufficiency and internationalization. The establishment of public sector pharmaceutical enterprises and the introduction of intellectual property regulations, pricing control, and research and development (R&D) support have propelled the industry's growth.

This case study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the journey of the Indian pharmaceutical industry, exploring its growth, challenges, and the dilemma it faces in balancing innovation and affordability. By examining the sector's perspective, challenges, and identified dilemmas, this case study aims to equip readers with a comprehensive understanding of the industry. The case delves into the journey and challenges faced by the Indian pharmaceutical industry. It investigates the industry's growth, the perspective of Indian pharmaceutical companies, the challenges they encounter, and the identified dilemmas. The case also provides teaching notes and objectives to enhance the readers' knowledge and decision-making skills within the pharmaceutical industry.

The Framework for the Development of an Enhanced Machine Learning Algorithm for Non-Cognitive Variables Influencing Students’ Performance using Feature Extraction

Oguns Yetunde Josephine, AYENI Joshua Ayobami, Ganiyu Aminat Abidemi — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Machine learning is a powerful tool for creating computational models in scientific analysis in areas where there is need to extract hidden data such as educational data. In order to make planning easier and identify at-risk students who may be in danger of failing or dropping out of school due to their academic performance, Educational Data Mining (EDM) uses computational tools. In this paper, a framework using machine learning approach was proposed to develop an enhanced algorithm for non-cognitive variables influencing students’ performance using feature extraction. In the framework, the Decision Tree (DT) and Linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) are proposed as base classifiers, and Random Forest (RF) and Gradient Boosting (GB) as ensemble classifiers. The DT classifier allows the classification process to be modelled as a series of hierarchical decisions on the features, forming a tree-like structure. Using this technique, planning and predicting students who might be at-risk of dropping out would have been made easier.

Etiological Diagnosis and Correlation of Chromoblastomycosis with Climatic Variables of Weather Stations in Villa Clara, Cuba

Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In Villa Clara province, Cuba, microorganisms and climatic conditions coexist for the development of the infectious entity chromoblastomycosis. Besides, there is a high percentage of agricultural and handicraft workers exposed to acquiring this infection. The objective of the research consisted in describing the etiological diagnosis and correlating chromoblastomycosis with average climatic variables of the meteorological stations located in Villa Clara. Between 2018-2022, a descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of 25 patients diagnosed with chromoblastomycosis by anatomopathological and microbiological studies. Absolute frequencies were used as a summary measure, and for correlation with climatic data from the five meteorological stations, inferential statistics. Of the total number of patients, 92% were diagnosed by anatomopathological studies and only 2/8% had mycological studies, in which the species Fonsecaea pedrosoi was isolated. There was a significant correlation between mean temperature (p=0.045) and mean predicted wind (p=0.028) and the number of cases. This was not the case with relative air humidity (p>0.05). It is concluded that in Villa Clara province, only the etiological agent F. pedrosoi was the cause of the disease during the period studied, with a significant relationship between the disease and the average climatic variables mean temperature and mean predicted wind.